قطعه عليها اسئله انجليزي ((تنمية مهارات ))

ocolate,
one of the most popular foods in the world, has a history as rich as
its flavor. Chocolate comes from the beans of the cacao tree, a plant
that has grown in the Americas for at least 4,000 years. As long ago as
the twelfth century, Indian families drank chocolate at marriages and
other ceremonies. However, chocolate was not known in Europe until 1528,
when the Spanish explorer Hernán Cortés brought it to Spain.

Drinking chocolate soon became popular in Spain and quickly spread to
the rest of Europe. Three hundred years later, a scientist in Holland
learned how to make chocolate into candy. As the years passed, people in
countries such as Belgium, Switzerland, and England began to make many
kinds of chocolate candy. Today the making of chocolate is a
multi-billion dollar industry.

There are many reasons why chocolate is so popular. People like its
rich, delicious flavor. Some people think that chocolate is even better
when combined with other ingredients, such as fruit and nuts. Also,
candy makers can make chocolate into decorative shapes, from flowers and
hearts to animals, and even to huge statues that weigh as much as 220
pounds (100 kg).

In addition, eating chocolate has helpful physical effects. The sugar
and fat in chocolate give people quick energy. This is why mountain
climbers often carry chocolate with them. For this same reason, people
like to have a candy bar when they're feeling tired.

Eating chocolate has mental effects, too. Many people crave chocolate in
times of stress or emotional upset. Some psychologists explain that
people associate chocolate with the happy times of their childhoods. The
taste of chocolate reminds them of the food and comfort they received
from their mothers. However, physical scientists have developed another
explanation. They say that one ingredient of chocolate,
phenylethylamine, seems to lower stress.

There is no doubt that chocolate, with its unique physical and
psychological effects and its unmatched flavor, is one of the world's
favorite foods.

الاسئله :

a. Where did chocolate come from?

b. Who brought chocolate to Europe?

c. What effect does chocolate have on the human body?

d. Find the following pronouns in the article and write the word(s) each one refers to
(. its (line 2*

. them (line 17 *

(.they (line 22*

e:Use the context to determine the meanings of the words. Write short definitions
(. flavor (line 11

( combined (line 12

(energy (line 17

(. crave (line 19