Nouns ☼ الأسماء

NOUN

Definition: A noun is a word used to refer to people, animals, objects, substances, states, events and feelings.
Nouns can be a subject or an object of a verb, can be modified by an adjective and can take an article or determiner.

For example:
Table
Pencil
The dog
A white house

Nouns ☼ الأسماء 07081503224584@188

Nouns also denote abstract and intangible concepts.

For example:
birth
happiness
evolution
technology, etc.

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Noun Plurals
We are going to explain some rules that will help you to form the plural forms of the nouns.
The general rule is to add "-s" to the noun in singular.

For Example:
Book - Book s
House - House s
Chair - Chair s

Nouns ☼ الأسماء 07081503224584@188

When the singular noun ends in: -sh, -ch, -s, -ss, -x, -o we form their plural form by adding "-es".

For example:
sandwi ch - sandwich es
bru sh - brush es
bu s - bus es
bo x - box es
potat o - potato es

Nouns ☼ الأسماء 07081503224584@188

When the singular noun ends in "y", we change the "y" for "i" and then add "-es" to form the plural form. But do not change the "y" for "ies" to form the plural when the singular noun ends in "y" preceded by a vowel.

For example:
napp y - napp ies
d ay - da ys
t oy - to ys

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However, there are many Irregular Nouns which do not form the plural in this way:

For example:
Woman - Women
Child - Children
Sheep - Sheep

Nouns ☼ الأسماء 07081503224584@188

Nouns may take an " 's " ("apostrophe s") or " Genitive marker" to indicate possession
. If the noun already has an -s ending to mark the plural, then the genitive marker appears only as an apostrophe after the plural form.

For example:
my friend 's brother
John 's house
The Browns ' house
The boys ' pens

Nouns ☼ الأسماء 07081503224584@188

The genitive marker should not be confused with the " 's " form of contracted verbs, as in John 's a good student = John is a good student.

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Noun Gender
Many common nouns, like "engineer" or "teacher", can refer to men
or women. Once, many English nouns would change form depending on their
gender. For example: A man was called an "author" while a woman was
called an "authoress".

For example:
David Garrick was a very prominent eighteenth-century actor.
Sarah Siddons was at the height of her career as an actress in the 1780s.
The manager was trying to write a want ad, but he couldn't decide whether he was advertising for a " waiter" or a " waitress"

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Types of Nouns
Proper nouns are the names of specific things, people, or places, such as Jhon, France. They usually begin with a capital letter.

Common nouns are general names such as person, mansion, and book. They can be either concrete or abstract.

Concrete nouns refer to things which you can sense such as clock and telephone.

Abstract nouns refer to ideas or qualities such as liberty and truth.

Countable nouns refer to things which can be counted (can be singular or plural)
Uncountable nouns refer to some groups of countable nouns, substances, feelings and types of activity (can only be singular)
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